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It has also been referred to as Asperger’s (primarily differentiated from autism by the person’s language skills), autism, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), classical autism, high functioning autism, kanner autism, Pathological Demand Avoidance (PDA), and Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD).

These different terms are used by different groups of people, depending upon the agenda of their diagnosis, the toolkits used to for the diagnosis, as well as the primary characteristics of the person undergoing the diagnosis. In the UK, ASD is the most used term, particularly by medical professionals. Here at the Autism Information and Advice Service, we prefer to use the term ASC (autism spectrum condition), as this is becoming more commonly used by the autistic community, as the language has more positive connotations. The important thing to note is that the variety of names used to describe autism and the traits they refer to reflect the wide array of ways autism is experienced.

As autism is a condition that affects how a person perceives the world around them, many aspects of everyday life can therefore be much more challenging for an autistic individual. Activities that اعصابی (the word used to describe people who do not have autism) individuals often take for granted, can in fact be overwhelming for an autistic person. For example, shopping at the supermarket, going to the cinema, attending a job interview, or going on a night out. All these activities include navigating a series of unpredictable situations, interacting, and communicating with lots of different people, and coping with a variety of competing sensory experiences. When we consider this, it is easy to understand why autistic individuals often describe the social world as overwhelming and significantly anxiety inducing.

An autistic individual may therefore find the following challenging:

• بات چیت اور دوسروں کے ساتھ بات چیت - خاص طور پر اجنبی
• طنز ، استعارے یا تجریدی خیالات کو سمجھنا
• مسابقتی حسی تجربات کو مربوط کرنا - جس میں ٹچ ، شور ، بو اور روشنی اور رنگ شامل ہیں
• پروسیسنگ اور ان کے ارد گرد کیا ہو رہا ہے کو سمجھنا
• معمول کی تبدیلی یا غیر متوقع صورتحال کا مقابلہ کرنا
• دوسروں کے جذبات کو سمجھنا اور اس کا جواب دینا

Because of the unique way an autistic person’s mind works, they may also exhibit the following characteristics, which other people may find difficult to understand:

• کسی خاص عنوان یا مضمون میں غیر معمولی مضبوط دلچسپی
• بار بار اعمال یا سلوک
• غیر معمولی جذباتی ردعمل یا اظہار
• مخصوص حسی محرکات یا کسی چیز کی انتہائی ناپسندیدگی پر ردعمل کے تحت یا اس سے زیادہ
• پابندی سے کھانے کی عادات
• سخت روٹین یا عادت مندانہ سلوک کی ترقی کی ضرورت ہے

It is therefore easy to see why an autistic person may feel ‘different’ to others and why they may find the social world and building relationships with non-autistic individuals frustrating.

The many challenges that an autistic individual may face and the common traits of autism are often broken down into three specific categories:

1. معاشرتی تفہیم اور رشتوں کی خرابی
2. مواصلات اور تعامل کی ایک خرابی
3. خیالی سوچ کی خرابی اور خیالات اور طرز عمل میں عدم استحکام

However, it is important to recognise that all autistic people experience their autism differently. When thinking about autism, it is helpful to remember that everyone’s autism is different – this is why it is called a spectrum condition.